Centipedes vs. Spiders: Understanding Lethality and Venom

When comparing the lethality of centipedes and spiders, it is crucial to examine their venom and the potential danger they pose to humans. Both invertebrates can be formidable predators, but their threat to human health varies significantly.

The Lethal Nature of Venom

Centipedes: Centipedes possess venom primarily for subduing prey, such as insects and small animals. Larger species, like the Amazonian giant centipede, have a painful bite that can cause severe reactions in humans. Symptoms may include swelling, nausea, and, in rare cases, severe allergic reactions. However, while their bites can be excruciating, centipedes are generally not lethal to healthy adults. Children or individuals with compromised health may be at greater risk.

Spiders: Some spider species are known for their deadly venom. The black widow and the brown recluse are examples of species that can pose significant threats to human health. A black widow spider bite can result in severe pain and muscle cramps, while a brown recluse bite can lead to necrosis of the skin. While spider bites can be serious and occasionally lead to fatalities, such cases are extremely rare. Most spider bites are harmless and only result in mild symptoms.

Conclusion: Which Is More Lethal?

In general, while both centipedes and spiders can be dangerous, spiders, particularly certain venomous species, are often considered more lethal in terms of potential life-threatening reactions. However, both groups typically pose a low risk to humans, and fatalities are rare. The actual risk can depend on factors such as the species involved, individual health conditions, and the availability of medical treatment.

Comparing Prey and Human Threats

To Their Prey: The question of which is more lethal to their prey is generally about even. Most of the time, whatever one of them wants to eat is likely to end up getting eaten. Their venom is designed to immobilize prey rather than kill them outright, making it unlikely that either would be more lethal to their targets.

To Human Beings: Generally, spiders are considered more lethal to humans than centipedes. Although there are some highly venomous centipedes, such as the big Scolopendra, I suspect that any reported deaths are often due to secondary effects rather than the venom itself. Centipedes are generally not lethal to healthy adults, and the primary risk comes from the severity of the bite. Spiders, on the other hand, can pose more significant health risks, particularly from certain venomous species.

Expert Perspective

Leonard D. Ebner, an entomologist, is a valuable resource for understanding the differences between these two invertebrates. He has shared that Millepedes are often considered very venomous, but the number of spider species is significantly higher. This would suggest that, in terms of potential lethality to humans, spiders would likely be the more dangerous.

For a definitive answer, it is best to consult an entomologist. There are a couple available on platforms like Quora who can provide detailed insights and authoritative information.