Does the Human Body Absorb Water Through the Skin?

The human body does not effectively absorb water through the skin. While the skin serves to protect the body from the external environment, it primarily acts as a barrier to prevent the entry of harmful substances such as chemical poisons and pathogens.

The Skin as a Barrier and Its Absorption Capabilities

Although the skin can penetrate the outermost layer of the stratum corneum to a limited extent, this absorption is minimal and insufficient to hydrate the body significantly. Instead, the primary method of hydration is through the digestive system, by drinking fluids, and consuming foods.

Swelling and Wrinkling of the Skin in Water

When immersed in water, the skin swells and wrinkles, seemingly indicating absorption. This is due to the water filling the spaces between the skin cells and the evaporation of water after exiting the water. This phenomenon is often referred to as the "prune" effect. However, the water does not penetrate deep into the skin layers; instead, it mostly stays in the outer layers, and is eventually lost through evaporation.

Chemicals and Toxic Substances

The skin can absorb not only water but also other chemicals, which can be dangerous in high concentrations. For instance, a drop of pure nicotine on the skin can be fatal within 15 minutes; similarly, a drop of chemical agents like Tabun or Sarin can be even more lethal. An unfortunate chemist working with methyl mercury experienced severe health issues due to a small spillage, leading to a delayed death. The Nazi nerve gas industry also witnessed several fatalities when technicians were inadvertently drenched in Tabun, with one individual inhalation of several gallons resulting in death.

Conclusion

Under normal conditions, the skin absorbs only a minimal amount of water. The majority of the water we absorb when bathing remains on the surface of the skin and dries off after we get out. The skin is an effective barrier designed to conserve water and protect the body from harmful external substances. Therefore, while there is a superficial absorption of water through the skin, it is not a significant method of hydration for the human body.