What Precautions Should You Take Before General Anesthesia?

Preparing for a surgical procedure under general anesthesia requires careful attention to several key factors. This article will guide you through the essential steps you need to take to ensure a safe and smooth surgery experience.

Fasting Guidelines

One of the most crucial steps in preparing for general anesthesia is fasting. Typically, you should begin fasting six hours before your surgery to prevent complications related to food and digestive secretions entering your lungs. However, you may be permitted to drink clear fluids up to a few hours before the procedure. Your doctor may also recommend taking certain medications with a small sip of water during this fasting period.

Medication Considerations

To minimize risks during surgery, your doctor may advise you to avoid certain medications for a week before your procedure. Over-the-counter blood thinners like aspirin and some herbal remedies such as ginseng, garlic, Ginkgo biloba, St. John's wort, and kava should be discussed with your physician as they might cause complications. Diabetic patients should also consult their doctor about adjustments in their medication regimen during the fasting period.

Comprehensive Pre-Operative Assessment

Your surgeon and anesthesiologist will conduct a thorough physical exam, review your medical history, and discuss your condition. This involves pre-operative orders, detailing procedures, and potential risks. They will also answer any questions or concerns you might have. A comprehensive history physical exam is a crucial part of ensuring that you receive the best possible care.

Surgical Preparation

Before your surgery, you may be required to undergo certain preparations such as a laxative bowel prep, an antiseptic wash, or a short course of antibiotics. Depending on the nature of your surgery, you may also need to avoid shaving the surgical site as this could increase the risk of infection. Shaving with a razor can produce microscopic abrasions that enhance infection risks.

Transportation and Post-Operative Care

Ensuring you have a responsible adult to drive you home after surgery is vital. The effects of general anesthesia and post-operative pain medications can significantly impair your ability to drive safely. Additionally, it's important to have someone with you for at least the first 12 to 24 hours after you go home. Someone should also be available to assist with filling prescriptions, understanding discharge instructions, and monitoring your condition.

Questions to Ask Your Healthcare Team

Preparing for surgery includes having a list of questions for both your surgeon and anesthesiologist. This list should cover aspects such as the surgery process, anesthesia recovery, diet, pain management, and activity levels. Having a written list allows you to verify each item before signing the consent form, ensuring you fully understand the procedure.

Conclusion

Following these guidelines will help you prepare for a successful surgery under general anesthesia. By fasting appropriately, managing your medications, preparing for your surgery, and planning for post-operative care, you can minimize risks and ensure a better recovery process. Always communicate openly with your healthcare team to address any concerns or questions you may have.